ESG Regulations & Frameworks
A plain-language reference to the major ESG and sustainability regulations and reporting frameworks shaping how companies disclose, decarbonize, and manage impact. Each page summarizes who it applies to, key dates, and the official source.
Informational reference only, not legal advice. Each page links to the official source.
- CAFEUnited StatesIn forceNHTSA Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards (MY2027-2031)NHTSA's June 2024 CAFE rule (89 FR 52540) remains on the books but is effectively unenforceable: H.R.1 set the civil penalty to $0.00 (July 2025) and NHTSA is rulemaking to replace it.
- China Dual-CreditChinaIn forceParallel Management Regulation for Corporate Average Fuel Consumption and New Energy Vehicle CreditsMIIT dual-credit scheme: passenger-car makers above 30,000 units/yr must hit a rising NEV credit ratio (28% 2024, 38% 2025, 48% 2026, 58% 2027) and a fuel-consumption target, offset via tradable credits.
- IRA EV CreditsUnited StatesIn forceInflation Reduction Act Clean Vehicle and Manufacturing CreditsThe 30D ($7,500), 25E, and 45W consumer EV credits expired for vehicles acquired after September 30, 2025 under H.R.1; the 45X manufacturing credit survives with a phase-down and foreign-entity limits.
- UK SECRUnited KingdomIn forceUK Streamlined Energy and Carbon ReportingUK framework requiring qualifying companies to report energy use and carbon emissions in their annual reports.
- UK ZEV MandateUnited KingdomIn forceUK Zero Emission Vehicle Mandate (Vehicle Emissions Trading Schemes Order 2023)UK ZEV Mandate sets rising zero-emission sales shares (22% cars / 10% vans in 2024 to 80% cars / 70% vans by 2030, 100% by 2035), enforced by tradable credits and a 12,000 pound per-car shortfall payment.