ESG Regulations & Frameworks
A plain-language reference to the major ESG and sustainability regulations and reporting frameworks shaping how companies disclose, decarbonize, and manage impact. Each page summarizes who it applies to, key dates, and the official source.
Informational reference only, not legal advice. Each page links to the official source.
- AFIREuropean UnionIn forceAlternative Fuels Infrastructure RegulationBinding EU targets for public EV charging and hydrogen refuelling: fleet-based kW per vehicle, fast-charging pools every 60 km on core TEN-T roads, and card payment with per-kWh price transparency.
- CBAMEuropean UnionPhasing inCarbon Border Adjustment MechanismAn EU mechanism that puts a carbon price on imports of certain carbon-intensive goods, to mirror the cost faced by EU producers.
- CRMAEuropean UnionIn forceCritical Raw Materials ActEU framework targeting 10% domestic extraction, 40% processing and 25% recycling of strategic raw materials by 2030, capped at 65% from any single country, with fast-tracked permitting for strategic projects.
- EU Batteries RegulationEuropean UnionPhasing inRegulation concerning batteries and waste batteriesEU cradle-to-grave battery rules: carbon footprint declaration for EV batteries, recycled-content minimums for cobalt, lithium and nickel, due diligence, and a digital battery passport from 2027.
- EU CO2 StandardsEuropean UnionPhasing inCO2 emission performance standards for new passenger cars and new light commercial vehiclesEU fleet CO2 targets cutting new car and van emissions 15% from 2025, 55%/50% from 2030 and 100% from 2035, effectively ending new combustion-engine car sales in 2035.
- EU TaxonomyEuropean UnionIn forceEU Taxonomy RegulationAn EU classification system defining which economic activities count as environmentally sustainable, used as a reference across EU sustainable finance rules.
- Euro 7European UnionPhasing inEuro 7 type-approval rules on vehicle emissions and battery durabilityEuro 7 extends EU vehicle limits to brake-particle and tyre emissions for all vehicles including EVs, and sets minimum EV battery durability: 80% capacity to 5 years/100,000 km and 72% to 8 years/160,000 km for cars.
- NZIAEuropean UnionIn forceNet-Zero Industry ActEU framework targeting domestic manufacturing of at least 40% of annual deployment needs for strategic net-zero technologies, including batteries, by 2030, with fast-tracked permitting for gigafactories.